Dietary Intake, Stress, Anxiety, and Satisfaction with Nutrition Services in Patients with and without COVID-19.

Background: Dietary intake constitutes a fundamental support in hospitalized patients to reduce morbimortality, risk of complications, and hospital stay. Objective: We compared dietary intake, stress, anxiety, and satisfaction with the nutrition service in patients with and without COVID-19; we also analyzed the correlation between the variables mentioned. Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative, and correlational study was carried out. A total of 215 patients were selected by non-probability convenience sampling (97 with COVID-19 and 118 without COVID-19). Results: Patients with COVID-19 presented a higher percentage of "all the dish served" consumption (63.9%), as well as a higher percentage of "high" anxiety (18.6%) and "very high" satisfaction (28.9%) compared to their counterparts without COVID-19. The stress variable was predominantly moderate in both groups (57.7% vs 55.9%). Statistically significant and indirect correlation was found between satisfaction and stress level (rho = -0.289; p<0.01) in patients without COVID-19; similarly, between intake and stress level (rho =-.254; p<0.05) in patients with COVID-19. Both groups presented a statistically significant and direct correlation between anxiety and stress level (rho =0.432 without COVID-19, rho = 0.525 with COVID-19; p<0.01). Conclusion: The findings suggest a multidisciplinary intervention, in which the improvement of mental health in the study population is contemplated and to coadunate the negative effects on the perception of the quality of care of the nutrition service and on dietary intake.

Primary central nervous system Hodgkin lymphoma: A case report and review of the literature / Linfoma de Hodgkin primario del sistema nervioso central. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in the context of relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a quite rare, but well-known complication. Nevertheless, primary CNS–HL is an exceedingly rare condition, which diagnosis is based on well-defined morphological and immunohistochemical features, in addition to isolated involvement of the CNS. In spite of limited casuistry (just over twenty cases reported in the literature), available data agree that primary and isolated CNS–HL, when treated with a combination of surgery followed by some form of adjuvant therapy (radiotherapy±chemotherapy), carries a better prognosis than those cases with CNS involvement in the context of relapsed/refractory HL or those with CNS non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We herein report a case of a 55-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with primary CNS–HL. The patient was treated with complete surgical resection followed by intrathecal chemotherapy and whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), showing fourteen months of disease-free survival at the time of this case report. A review of the available literature is also presented (AU)

La afectación del sistema nervioso central (SNC) en pacientes con diagnóstico de linfoma de Hodgkin (LH) sistémico es una complicación muy poco frecuente, aunque bien definida. Sin embargo, el LH primario del SNC es una entidad extremadamente rara, cuyo diagnóstico precisa la identificación de un patrón morfológico e inmunohistoquímico específico, así como la afectación aislada del SNC. Pese a contar con una casuística muy limitada (apenas una veintena de casos publicados en la literatura) la bibliografía disponible coincide en que el LH con afectación primaria y aislada del SNC, cuando es tratado con cirugía y tratamiento adyuvante (radioterapia±quimioterapia), parece tener un mejor pronóstico que aquellos casos en los que la afectación del SNC se produce en el contexto de un LH sistémico o en el contexto de un linfoma no Hodgkin. En este artículo se presenta el caso de una mujer de 55 años con diagnóstico histopatológico de LH primario del SNC. La paciente fue sometida a una exéresis completa de la lesión y a tratamiento adyuvante con quimioterapia intratecal y radioterapia holocraneal, con una supervivencia libre de enfermedad hasta la fecha de 14 meses. Se presenta asimismo, la revisión de la literatura disponible (AU)

Primary central nervous system Hodgkin lymphoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in the context of relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a quite rare, but well-known complication. Nevertheless, primary CNS-HL is an exceedingly rare condition, which diagnosis is based on well-defined morphological and immunohistochemical features, in addition to isolated involvement of the CNS. In spite of limited casuistry (just over twenty cases reported in the literature), available data agree that primary and isolated CNS-HL, when treated with a combination of surgery followed by some form of adjuvant therapy (radiotherapy±chemotherapy), carries a better prognosis than those cases with CNS involvement in the context of relapsed/refractory HL or those with CNS non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We herein report a case of a 55-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with primary CNS-HL. The patient was treated with complete surgical resection followed by intrathecal chemotherapy and whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), showing fourteen months of disease-free survival at the time of this case report. A review of the available literature is also presented.

Hope and Resilience Related to Fear of COVID-19 in Young People.

In the face of the psychological crisis of fear caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, it is relevant to know the positive impact of hope and resilience during this context. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between hope and resilience with fear of COVID-19 in young people. The design was non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational. The sample consisted of 192 young people living in Metropolitan Lima, Peru. We used the Hope-Despair Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale, and the COVID-19 Fear Questionnaire. The results show that there is a significant correlation between hope, resilience, and fear of COVID-19 in young people. On the other hand, a significant difference was found in resilience according to gender. Likewise, it was found that the variables hope and resilience explain 81% (R2 adjusted) of the fear of COVID-19 (F test = 21.53; p < 0.01). Hope and resilience are protective factors that have a positive impact when facing the fear of COVID-19. Thus, policies, programs, and public health strategies related to positive mental health should be promoted, with emphasis on hope and resilience.

Knowledge of Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Peruvian Dietitians about Vegetarianism at Different Stages of Life.

BACKGROUND: The vegetarian diet continues to gain recognition and popularity among people; however, few studies have considered the level of knowledge of professional dietitians about this dietary pattern. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the level of knowledge of vegetarian and nonvegetarian Peruvian dietitians regarding vegetarianism at different life stages. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out. An online questionnaire based on the recommendations of the current dietary guidelines was administered to more than 400 registered dietitians. Of which, a total of 179 decided to participate in the study: 72 vegetarians and 107 nonvegetarians. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Women represented the largest proportion of the sample. The participants demonstrated a complete and exhaustive knowledge of the definition of vegetarian diets. Regarding the risks and benefits associated with vegetarianism, the largest proportion of those who got the correct answers were vegetarians. The percentage of correct answers selected for both groups regarding the critical nutrients were less than 50%. Only 17.6% identified the correct answer regarding the risk of eating disorders of vegetarianism. CONCLUSIONS: Dietitians did not demonstrate complete and comprehensive knowledge of the critical nutrients of vegetarianism and lack information on the risks of eating disorders from the vegetarian diet.

Correlación entre la actividad física, grasa corporal e IMC en estudiantes universitarios / Correlation between physical activity, body fat and BMI in university students: a cross-sectional study

Introducción y objetivo: El sedentarismo y la obesidad constituyen factores de riesgo importantes en los universitarios. La actividad física es una de las estrategias para prevenir estos problemas de salud. Se determinó la correlación entre la actividad física, el porcentaje de la grasa corporal (%GC) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) en estudiantes universitarios de Tarapoto, San Martin, Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de diseño no experimental, transversal y de tipo correlacional. La muestra no probabilística estuvo conformada por 192 estudiantes de las facultades de ciencias de la salud, ciencias empresariales e ingeniería y arquitectura de la Universidad Peruana Unión (filial Tarapoto), San Martin, Perú. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ, por sus siglas en inglés). Asimismo, la evaluación de % GC y el IMC se realizó siguiendo el protocolo de la Sociedad Internacional para el desarrollo de la cineantropometría (ISAK).Resultados: Se encontró que existe correlación estadísticamente significativa e indirecta entre la actividad física y el porcentaje de grasa corporal (rho = -0,163; p=0,024), y la actividad física y el IMC (rho = -0,170; p=0,018). Asimismo, se halló que existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa del porcentaje de grasa corporal y el IMC según género(p<0,001). No obstante, no se encontró diferencia de la actividad física según género (p =0,808).Conclusiones: Se halló correlación entre la actividad física con el %GC y el IMC en los estudiantes universitarios. Estos resultados evidencian la necesidad de promoverse programas de educación nutricional y de promoción de la salud para mejorar la actividad física y prevenir la obesidad en los universitarios. (AU)

Introduction and objective: A sedentary lifestyle and obesity are important risk factors in university students. Physical activity is one of the strategies to prevent these health problems. The correlation between physical activity, body fat percentage (% BF) and body mass index (BMI) was determined in university students from Tarapoto, San Martin, Perú. Materials and methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out. The non-probabilistic sample was made up of 192 students from the faculties of health sciences, business sciences and engineering and architecture of the Universidad Peruana Unión (Subsidiary: Tarapoto), San Martin, Peru. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. Likewise, the evaluation of% BF and BMI was carried out following the protocol of the International Society for the development of kineanthropometry (ISAK). Results: It was found that there is a statistically significant and indirect correlation between physical activity and body fat percentage (rho=-0,163; p=0,024), and physical activity and BMI (rho =-0,170; p=0,018). Likewise, it was found that there is a statistically significant difference in the percentage of body fat and BMI according to gender (p<0,001). However, no difference was found in physical activity according to gender (p=0,808). Conclusions: A correlation was found between physical activity with% BF and BMI in university students. These results show the need to promote nutritional education and health promotion programs to improve physical activity and prevent obesity in university students. (AU)

Hábitos alimentarios, estado nutricional y perfil lipídico en un grupo de pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 / Dietary habits, nutritional status and lipid profile in patients group with type 2 diabetes

Introducción objetivo: la diabetes tipo II constituye uno de los problemas de salud pública. Una mejor compresión de los factores asociados al estado nutricional y el perfil lipídico, puede disminuir la carga de la enfermedad. Se determinó relación entre hábitos alimentarios, el estado nutricional y el perfil lipídico en pacientes con diabetes tipo II. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional en 85 pacientes diabéticos. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Hábitos Alimentarios de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud de Estados Unidos para evaluar los hábitos dietéticos. Se midieron peso y talla y se calcularon el incide de masa corporal (IMC) y porcentaje de grasa corporal (%GC). Además, se evaluaron el perfil lipídico y las concentraciones de hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c), lipoproteína de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), colesterol total (Col- total) y triglicéridos (TG). RESULTADOS: el 88% de los participantes presentaron hábitos alimentarios inadecuados. Los valores del IMC y %GC estuvieron elevados. Se evidenciaron concentraciones elevadas de Col-total en los varones. Los niveles de HDL y LDL fueron normales. Las concentraciones de HbA1c fueron elevadas. Se encontró correlación entre los hábitos alimentarios con el IMC, Col-total y los TG (rho=-0.224; p = 0.039), (rho=-0.270, p = 0.013) y (rho=-0.230, p = 0.034), respectivamente. No se observó correlación entre los hábitos alimentarios y el %GC, el HDL, LDL y HbA1c. Se encontró que el IMC está asociado con el HDL y el nivel de HbA1c (rho= -0.218, p= 0.045) y (rho= 0.32, p= 0.002), respectivamente. No hubo relación entre el %GC y el perfil lipídico. CONCLUSIÓN: los resultados demostraron niveles elevados de IMC, %GC, Col-total y HbA1c. Además, los hábitos alimentarios inadecuados y el aumento del IMC se asociaron con el perfil lipídico. Estos resultados sugieren la importancia clínica de estos indicadores en la predicción, prevención y control de la diabetes tipo 2

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: type II diabetes constitutes one of the public health problems. A better understanding of the factors associated with nutritional status and lipid profile can decrease the burden of this disease. Relationship between eating habits, nutritional status and lipid profile was determined in patients with type II diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a descriptive correlational study was performed in 85 diabetic patients. The Dietary Habits Questionnaire from the United States National Institutes of Health was used to assess dietary habits. Weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) were calculated. In addition, lipid profile and Correspondencia: Jacksaint Saintila jacksaintsaintila@upeu.edu.pe the concentrations of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were evaluated, along with low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (Total-Chol) and triglycerides (TG). RESULTS: 88% of the participants had inadequate dietary habits. BMI and BF% values were high. Levels of Total-Chol in men were high. HDL and LDL levels were normal. HbA1c concentrations were high. Correlation was found between dietary habits and BMI, Total-Chol and TG (rho = -0.224; p = 0.039), (rho = -0.270, p = 0.013) and (rho = -0.230, p = 0.034), respectively. There was no correlation between eating habits and BF%, HDL, LDL, and HbA1c. BMI was found to be associated with HDL and HbA1c level (rho = -0.218, p = 0.045) and (rho = 0.32, p = 0.002), respectively. There was no relationship between BF% and lipid profile. CONCLUSION: the results showed high levels of BMI, % GC, Col-total and HbA1c. Furthermore, inadequate eating habits and increased BMI were associated with lipid profile. These results support the clinical importance of these indicators in the prediction, prevention and control of type 2 diabetes